Sodium nitroprusside

Function:
Sodium nitroprusside is a vasodilator mainly used to treat hypertension and acute heart failure. It can be used to quickly relieve symptoms related to hypertensive emergencies, such as severe headache, nausea, vomiting, visual impairment, abnormal mental or neurological changes that occur when blood pressure suddenly and significantly increases. It can also be used to quickly relieve symptoms related to acute heart failure, such as fatigue, significantly reduced exercise tolerance, increased heart rate, difficulty breathing, orthopnea, and clammy skin.

Dosage:
Before use, dissolve 50 mg (1 tube) of this product in 5 ml of 5% glucose injection, then dilute it in 250 ml to 1000 ml of 5% glucose injection, and infuse it intravenously in a light-proof infusion bottle. The usual dosage for adults is intravenous infusion, starting at 0.5 μg/kg of body weight per minute. The dose is gradually adjusted according to the treatment response at a rate of 0.5 μg/kg per minute. The usual drip rate is 3 μg/kg of body weight per minute, and the maximum dose is 10 μg/kg of body weight per minute. The total amount is 3.5 mg/kg based on body weight. The usual dosage for intravenous infusion in children is 1.4 μg/kg per minute based on body weight, and the dosage is gradually adjusted according to the effect. Note: This drug should be infused intravenously with an infusion pump. Due to the potential for excessive hypotension, patient blood pressure should be continuously monitored during treatment. This drug should always be infused away from light.

Adverse reactions:
Cyanide poisoning: The toxicity of this product comes from its metabolites cyanide and thiocyanate. Cyanide is an intermediate metabolite and thiocyanate is the final metabolite. If cyanide cannot be converted into thiocyanate normally, sulfur Cyanate poisoning can occur even if blood levels are normal. Sudden discontinuation of this product when controlling blood pressure during anesthesia may cause a rebound increase in blood pressure. Blood pressure drops too fast or too sharply: dizziness, sweating, headache, muscle twitching, nervousness or anxiety, irritability, stomach pain, reflex tachycardia or arrhythmia occur. The occurrence of symptoms is related to the speed of intravenous administration. Thiocyanate poisoning or overdose: Movement disorders, blurred vision, delirium, dizziness, headache, loss of consciousness, nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, and shortness of breath may occur. Cyanide poisoning or overdose: loss of reflexes, coma, distant heart sounds, hypotension, missing pulse, pink skin, shallow breathing, and dilated pupils may occur. Skin: Photosensitivity is related to the course of treatment and dose, and slate-blue pigmentation on the skin will gradually subside after a long period of time (1 to 2 years) after stopping the drug. Other allergic rashes subside quickly after stopping the drug.

Drug contraindications:
If allergic to this product, use with caution during pregnancy. Use with caution during lactation. Use with caution if liver function is impaired.