Pilocarpine Nitrate Eye Drops

Pilocarpine is a colorless crystal or white crystalline powder, odorless, and easily deteriorates when exposed to light. It is easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, and almost insoluble in chloroform or ether. It can selectively act directly on M cholinergic receptors. Its effects on eyes and glands are most obvious. ① It causes miosis, decreases intraocular pressure, and has the effect of regulating spasms. It stimulates the M cholinergic receptors of the pupillary sphincter to contract. Miosis causes the anterior chamber angle gap to widen, and the aqueous humor is easy to flow back, which reduces intraocular pressure. Due to the contraction of the ciliary muscle and the relaxation of the suspensory ligament, the refractive power of the lens increases, so that near objects are clear and distant objects are blurred, which is called accommodation. ② Increase the secretion of exocrine glands. It has the most obvious effect on sweat glands and salivary glands, and can also increase the secretion of tears, gastric juice, pancreatic juice, intestinal juice and respiratory mucous cells. ③ It causes the excitement and increased muscle tension of gastrointestinal smooth muscles, and the muscle tension of bronchial smooth muscles, urethra, bladder and bile duct is also increased.