Encorafenib 康奈非尼

Encorafenib is a targeted therapy for cancers harboring specific genetic mutations. It is primarily used to treat unresectable or metastatic melanoma harboring BRAF V600E or V600K mutations. It inhibits abnormal BRAF protein activity, blocking tumor growth signals. It is often used in combination with a MEK inhibitor (such as bimetinib) to enhance efficacy and reduce drug resistance. Use requires strict adherence to your doctor’s instructions and regular monitoring for side effects.

I. Indications and Mechanism of Action

Indications: Patients with advanced melanoma diagnosed with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations, who should undergo genetic testing to confirm the mutation.

Mechanism of Action: As a BRAF kinase inhibitor, it blocks the MAPK signaling pathway mediated by the mutant BRAF protein, inhibiting tumor cell proliferation.
II. Dosage Regimen and Precautions

Combination Therapy: Often used in combination with a MEK inhibitor, it can delay drug resistance and improve survival. For example, a Phase III clinical trial showed that this combination therapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS). 1.
Dosage and Treatment: The standard dose is 300 mg orally once daily. The specific regimen should be adjusted based on patient tolerance. 2.
Contraindications and Precautions: Contraindicated in patients with allergies to the drug ingredients; use with caution in patients with severe hepatic or renal impairment or cardiovascular disease. 3.
III. Common Side Effects and Management
High-Frequency Reactions: Fatigue, arthralgia, nausea, etc., usually mild to moderate in severity and relieved with symptomatic treatment.
Serious Risks:
Skin Reactions: Such as photosensitivity dermatitis; avoid sun exposure and use sunscreen.
Cardiovascular Problems: QT interval prolongation may occur; regular electrocardiogram monitoring is required.
Hepatotoxicity: Regular liver function tests are required.
IV. Patient Medication Instructions
Necessity of Following Doctor’s Advice: Do not adjust the dose or discontinue the drug on your own to avoid compromising efficacy or worsening side effects.
Drug Interactions: Concomitant use with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (such as ketoconazole) may increase drug blood levels. Inform your doctor of any other medications you are taking. When to Seek Medical Attention: Seek medical attention immediately if you experience persistent fever, difficulty breathing, severe rash, or abnormal heart rhythm.
V. Research and Clinical Progress
Currently, research is exploring the potential of conafenib in other BRAF-mutant tumors, such as colorectal cancer and thyroid cancer, with some clinical trials entering Phase II.

Note: Conafenib is a prescription drug. Before use, a physician must assess your gene mutation status and overall health. A strict follow-up plan is required during treatment.